By the middle of the 17th century Spain held the largest empire the world had ever known – with territory spanning most of the New World to Italy and beyond. And yet, in an all-to-familiar tale, the enormous expense of maintaining such a long reach was prohibitive, and was quickly bankrupting the country. In addition, wealth was becoming concentrated into fewer and fewer hands, with nobility in one guise or another owning roughly 95% of all land in Spain. The monarchy was so strapped for funds that less than 20% of all taxes actually made it into the national treasury, most going to banks for loan debt, further enriching the elite at the expense of the nation.

While Tamiya has long been a producer of acrylic model paints, they have recently entered the market of bottled solvent-based paints with a line of lacquer paints with the new “LP” prefix heading. As of this writing, there are 80 listed “colors” of lacquer paints in the Tamiya catalog, but that total includes such items as Thinner, a Flat Base, 5 Clears plus a Clear Yellow, Clear Orange, Clear Red and Clear Blue, 6 Blacks and 4 Whites. The colors are not labeled with any other specific description, such as US FS (federal stock) number or Luftwaffe RLM number, although the “pearl”, “mica” and metallic colors are primarily directed towards automotive modelers. The complete chart of available colors is available at the Tamiya website, and is being added to regularly. The paints come in 1/3 fl oz (10ml) bottles, the same as their acrylic line, compared to the 1/2 fl oz Model Master and 1/4 fl oz small bottle Testors enamels.

• LP-1 - Black
• LP-2 - White
• LP-3 - Flat Black
• LP-4 - Flat White
• LP-5 - Semi-Gloss Black
• LP-9 - Clear

I’ve used Tamiya lacquers in spray cans for years and they are my go to paints for the bulk of my car and aircraft models. Their quick drying and smooth coating, especially the gloss lacquers, provide show-level finishes. Now, after anticipating them for almost two years, Tamiya’s bottled lacquers have finally arrived.

This book “Operation Allied force, air war over Serbia 1999” is volume one of a two volume book series. There are two authors who both held opposing positions during this war with front line service. This volume (1) covers the chronology of events while the next volume (2) focuses of the experiences from both sides in the air war.

The beginning of this book covers the rise of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) air force. From buildup of assets, restrictions put on the new air force equipment and tables showing air asset with locations of these assets. Deeper into the book, it covers conflicts, notable air engagements, buildup of NATO forces and defenses.

Tru-Color Paints is an American hobby paint manufacturer formed in 2008 and located in the Phoenix, AZ area. Their lines include realistically scale colored paints for the hobbyist for naval ships, military armor, aircraft, and railroading. They currently produce over 600 colors covering 7 product lines (naval, military vehicles, automotive, aircraft, etc.) and include airbrushable, spray can and brush paintable products. According to their website: "Tru-color paint is a solvent based paint with an acrylic polymer used as the binding agent which adheres very well to plastic or metal models, when those models are properly prepared. The pigments and/or dyes used to produce the correct colors are very finely ground so that they do not clog air-brushes."